ex is taken. And the RCU list functions know how to insert a node into a list with the right memory ordering so that concurrent readers don't go off into the wood. So remove the stop_machine for the module list insert and just do a list_add_rcu() instead. Module removal will still do a stop_machine of course, it needs that for other reasons. v2: Revised readers based on Paul's comments. All readers that only rely on disabled preemption need to be changed to list_for_each_rcu(). Done that. The others are ok because they have the modules mutex. Also added a possible missing preempt disable for print_modules(). [cc Paul McKenney for review. It's not RCU, but quite similar.] Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell