ray_like One-dimensional input array of size ``N``. Must have a numeric data type. x2 : (N,) array_like One-dimensional input array of size ``M``. Must have a numeric data type. Returns ------- out : (M, N) ndarray ``out[i, j] = a[i] * b[j]`` See also -------- outer Examples -------- Make a (*very* coarse) grid for computing a Mandelbrot set: >>> rl = np.linalg.outer(np.ones((5,)), np.linspace(-2, 2, 5)) >>> rl array([[-2., -1., 0., 1., 2.], [-2., -1., 0., 1., 2.], [-2., -1., 0., 1., 2.], [-2., -1., 0., 1., 2.], [-2., -1., 0., 1., 2.]]) >>> im = np.linalg.outer(1j*np.linspace(2, -2, 5), np.ones((5,))) >>> im array([[0.+2.j, 0.+2.j, 0.+2.j, 0.+2.j, 0.+2.j], [0.+1.j, 0.+1.j, 0.+1.j, 0.+1.j, 0.+1.j], [0.+0.j, 0.+0.j, 0.+0.j, 0.+0.j, 0.+0.j], [0.-1.j, 0.-1.j, 0.-1.j, 0.-1.j, 0.-1.j], [0.-2.j, 0.-2.j, 0.-2.j, 0.-2.j, 0.-2.j]]) >>> grid = rl + im >>> grid array([[-2.+2.j, -1.+2.j, 0.+2.j, 1.+2.j, 2.+2.j], [-2.+1.j, -1.+1.j, 0.+1.j, 1.+1.j, 2.+1.j], [-2.+0.j, -1.+0.j, 0.+0.j, 1.+0.j, 2.+0.j], [-2.-1.j, -1.-1.j, 0.-1.j, 1.-1.j, 2.-1.j], [-2.-2.j, -1.-2.j, 0.-2.j, 1.-2.j, 2.-2.j]]) An example using a "vector" of letters: >>> x = np.array(['a', 'b', 'c'], dtype=object) >>> np.linalg.outer(x, [1, 2, 3]) array([['a', 'aa', 'aaa'], ['b', 'bb', 'bbb'], ['c', 'cc', 'ccc']], dtype=object) rą