lso
--------
kmeans2 : a different implementation of k-means clustering
   with more methods for generating initial centroids but without
   using a distortion change threshold as a stopping criterion.

whiten : must be called prior to passing an observation matrix
   to kmeans.

Notes
-----
For more functionalities or optimal performance, you can use
`sklearn.cluster.KMeans <https://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.cluster.KMeans.html>`_.
`This <https://hdbscan.readthedocs.io/en/latest/performance_and_scalability.html#comparison-of-high-performance-implementations>`_
is a benchmark result of several implementations.

Examples
--------
>>> import numpy as np
>>> from scipy.cluster.vq import vq, kmeans, whiten
>>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>>> features  = np.array([[ 1.9,2.3],
...                       [ 1.5,2.5],
...                       [ 0.8,0.6],
...                       [ 0.4,1.8],
...                       [ 0.1,0.1],
...                       [ 0.2,1.8],
...                       [ 2.0,0.5],
...                       [ 0.3,1.5],
...                       [ 1.0,1.0]])
>>> whitened = whiten(features)
>>> book = np.array((whitened[0],whitened[2]))
>>> kmeans(whitened,book)
(array([[ 2.3110306 ,  2.86287398],    # random
       [ 0.93218041,  1.24398691]]), 0.85684700941625547)

>>> codes = 3
>>> kmeans(whitened,codes)
(array([[ 2.3110306 ,  2.86287398],    # random
       [ 1.32544402,  0.65607529],
       [ 0.40782893,  2.02786907]]), 0.5196582527686241)

>>> # Create 50 datapoints in two clusters a and b
>>> pts = 50
>>> rng = np.random.default_rng()
>>> a = rng.multivariate_normal([0, 0], [[4, 1], [1, 4]], size=pts)
>>> b = rng.multivariate_normal([30, 10],
...                             [[10, 2], [2, 1]],
...                             size=pts)
>>> features = np.concatenate((a, b))
>>> # Whiten data
>>> whitened = whiten(features)
>>> # Find 2 clusters in the data
>>> codebook, distortion = kmeans(whitened, 2)
>>> # Plot whitened data and cluster centers in red
>>> plt.scatter(whitened[:, 0], whitened[:, 1])
>>> plt.scatter(codebook[:, 0], codebook[:, 1], c='r')
>>> plt.show()

r1