Greek     |
|                 | ..z]       |           |        |           | Extended  |
+-----------------+------------+-----------+--------+-----------+-----------+
| .... ....       | [@][a..f][ | 6*20= 120 | 0      | 120       | RESERVED  |
|                 | ..z]       |           |        |           |           |
+-----------------+------------+-----------+--------+-----------+-----------+
| 24B6..24E9      | [@][@][a.. | 26        | 26     | 0         | Enclosed  |
|                 | ]          |           |        |           | Alphanume |
|                 |            |           |        |           | ics       |
+-----------------+------------+-----------+--------+-----------+-----------+
| FF21..FF5A      | [@][a..z][ | 26        | 26     | 0         | Halfwidth |
|                 | ]          |           |        |           | and       |
|                 |            |           |        |           | Fullwidth |
|                 |            |           |        |           | forms     |
+-----------------+------------+-----------+--------+-----------+-----------+

Code Range values are UCS-2.

All of this encoding happens transparently at the filesystem level with one
exception. Until MySQL 5.1.6, an old encoding was used. Identifiers created in
a version before MySQL 5.1.6, and which haven't been updated to the new
encoding, the server prefixes mysql50 to their name.

Examples
--------

Find the file name for a table with a non-Latin1 name:

select cast(convert("this_is_таблица" USING filename) as binary);
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| cast(convert("this_is_таблица" USING filename) as binary)        |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| this_is_@y0@g0@h0@r0@o0@i1@g0                                    |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+

Find the table name for a file name:

select convert(_filename "this_is_@y0@g0@h0@r0@o0@i1@g0" USING utf8);
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| convert(_filename "this_is_@y0@g0@h0@r0@o0@i1@g0" USING utf8) |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| this_is_таблица                                               |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+

An old table created before MySQL 5.1.6, with the old encoding:

SHOW TABLES;
+--------------------+
| Tables_in_test     |
+--------------------+
| #mysql50#table@1   |
+--------------------+

The prefix needs to be supplied to reference this table:

SHOW COLUMNS FROM `table@1`;
ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'test.table@1' doesn't exist

SHOW COLUMNS FROM `#mysql50#table@1`;
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type    | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| i     | int(11) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+

URL: https://mariadb.com/kb/en/identifier-to-file-name-mapping/https://mariadb.com/kb/en/identifier-to-file-name-mapping/