is used. >>> a = pd.array([True, False, pd.NA], dtype="boolean") >>> a [True, False, ] Length: 3, dtype: boolean >>> a.to_numpy(dtype="bool") Traceback (most recent call last): ... ValueError: cannot convert to bool numpy array in presence of missing values Specify a valid `na_value` instead >>> a.to_numpy(dtype="bool", na_value=False) array([ True, False, False]) Nz