ere `cond` is {cond}, keep the original value. Where {cond_rev}, replace with corresponding value from `other`. If `cond` is callable, it is computed on the {klass} and should return boolean {klass} or array. The callable must not change input {klass} (though pandas doesn't check it). other : scalar, {klass}, or callable Entries where `cond` is {cond_rev} are replaced with corresponding value from `other`. If other is callable, it is computed on the {klass} and should return scalar or {klass}. The callable must not change input {klass} (though pandas doesn't check it). If not specified, entries will be filled with the corresponding NULL value (``np.nan`` for numpy dtypes, ``pd.NA`` for extension dtypes). inplace : bool, default False Whether to perform the operation in place on the data. axis : int, default None Alignment axis if needed. For `Series` this parameter is unused and defaults to 0. level : int, default None Alignment level if needed. Returns ------- Same type as caller or None if ``inplace=True``. See Also -------- :func:`DataFrame.{name_other}` : Return an object of same shape as self. Notes ----- The {name} method is an application of the if-then idiom. For each element in the calling DataFrame, if ``cond`` is ``{cond}`` the element is used; otherwise the corresponding element from the DataFrame ``other`` is used. If the axis of ``other`` does not align with axis of ``cond`` {klass}, the misaligned index positions will be filled with {cond_rev}. The signature for :func:`DataFrame.where` differs from :func:`numpy.where`. Roughly ``df1.where(m, df2)`` is equivalent to ``np.where(m, df1, df2)``. For further details and examples see the ``{name}`` documentation in :ref:`indexing `. The dtype of the object takes precedence. The fill value is casted to the object's dtype, if this can be done losslessly. Examples -------- >>> s = pd.Series(range(5)) >>> s.where(s > 0) 0 NaN 1 1.0 2 2.0 3 3.0 4 4.0 dtype: float64 >>> s.mask(s > 0) 0 0.0 1 NaN 2 NaN 3 NaN 4 NaN dtype: float64 >>> s = pd.Series(range(5)) >>> t = pd.Series([True, False]) >>> s.where(t, 99) 0 0 1 99 2 99 3 99 4 99 dtype: int64 >>> s.mask(t, 99) 0 99 1 1 2 99 3 99 4 99 dtype: int64 >>> s.where(s > 1, 10) 0 10 1 10 2 2 3 3 4 4 dtype: int64 >>> s.mask(s > 1, 10) 0 0 1 1 2 10 3 10 4 10 dtype: int64 >>> df = pd.DataFrame(np.arange(10).reshape(-1, 2), columns=['A', 'B']) >>> df A B 0 0 1 1 2 3 2 4 5 3 6 7 4 8 9 >>> m = df % 3 == 0 >>> df.where(m, -df) A B 0 0 -1 1 -2 3 2 -4 -5 3 6 -7 4 -8 9 >>> df.where(m, -df) == np.where(m, df, -df) A B 0 True True 1 True True 2 True True 3 True True 4 True True >>> df.where(m, -df) == df.mask(~m, -df) A B 0 True True 1 True True 2 True True 3 True True 4 True True rŸ